坎儿井导游词 吐鲁番英语作文【精彩10篇】
作为一位无私奉献的导游，通常需要准备好一份导游词，导游词是导游员同游客交流思想，向游客传播文化知识的讲解词。导游词要怎么写呢？读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思，下面是www.shubaoc.com编辑帮助大家找到的吐鲁番英语作文【精彩10篇】，希望对大家有一些参考价值。
吐鲁番概况导游词 篇一
吐鲁番市位于新疆维吾尔自治区中东部，吐鲁番地理位置天山支脉博格达峰南麓，吐 鲁番盆地中部。东邻鄯善县；西接托克逊县；南抵库鲁克山与尉犁县相连；北至天山分水岭，与乌鲁木齐、奇台、吉木萨尔等县毗连。有维吾尔、汉、回等民族。
地势北高南低中间凹，火焰山自西而东横贯盆地中部，山前是戈壁、中部是低洼平原，南部山丘、戈壁、荒漠三种类型兼有。艾丁湖是我国大陆最低处(海拔-154米)。水资源有天山水系、火焰山水系、坎儿井水系等。属典型温带大陆性气候，气候干燥少雨，太阳辐射强，夏季高温多风。年均气温13.9℃，年均降水16毫米。
吐鲁番市主要景点有：交河故城、高昌故城、阿斯塔那古墓群、火焰山、葡萄沟、苏公塔、艾丁湖、坎儿井、吐峪沟麻扎村、库木塔格大沙漠、柏孜克里克千佛洞、连木沁唐朝烽燧台遗址。
坎儿井导游词1100字 坎儿井导游词讲解 篇二
各位游客朋友，大家好！
接下来我们将要参观的景点是号称古代中国“三大工程”之一的坎儿井。坎儿井位于吐鲁番市亚尔乡亚尔村，地理位置十分便利，离312国道不到一公里，离吐鲁番市中心仅5公里。
坎儿井在中国各省叫法不一，新疆汉语称为“坎儿井”或简称“坎”，陕西叫作“井渠”，山西叫作“水巷”，甘肃叫作“百眼串井”，也有的地方称为“地下渠道。”
坎儿井2004年被评为国家aaa级旅游景区，2006年被评为全国十里风景区。
坎儿井，早在《史记》中便有记载，当时称之为“井渠”，是我国各族劳动人民在长期生活中，为适应干旱地区的生活而造的一种地下水利工程。新疆的坎儿井主要分布在吐鲁番盆地、哈密和禾垒地区，以吐鲁番地区最多，总共有千余条，如果连接起来，其长度可长达5000公里，有人称之为"地下运河"。因此它与万里长城、京杭大运河并称为古代中国“三大工程”。
坎儿井是开发利用地下水的一种古老式的水平集水建筑物，适用于山麓、冲积扇缘地带，主要是用于截取地下潜水来进行农田灌溉和居民用水。新疆坎儿井按其成井的水文地质条件来分，可分为三种类型：一种是山前潜水补给型，这类坎儿井直接截取山前侧渗的地下水，集水段较短。第二种是山前河流河谷潜水补给型，这类坎儿井集水段较长，出水量较大。第三种是平原潜水补给型，这类坎儿井主要分布在灌区域内，地层多为土质、水文地质较差，出水量较小。
如今，吐鲁番市郊五道林坎儿井、五星乡坎儿井，均可供参观游览。名气最大的坎儿井是米衣木·阿吉坎儿井，它全长5公里，最深处为80米，日水量可浇地70亩，已有200年的历史，它是维吾尔人米衣木·阿吉开掘而成的，故以此而命名。
坎儿井形成的条件主要有两个，一自然条件的可能性。
吐鲁番盆地北部的博格达山和西部的喀拉乌成山，春夏时节有大量融化的积雪和雨水流下山谷，潜入戈壁滩下。人们利用山的坡度，巧妙地创造了坎儿井，引地下潜流灌溉农田。坎儿井不因炎热、狂风而使水分大量蒸发，因而流量稳定，保证了自流灌溉。吐鲁番盆地的地形高差悬殊，地势峻陡，周围高山多系古生代末期海西运动形成的，岩层坚硬且多裂隙，有利于裂隙水的形成。
二是生产发展的需要性。
吐鲁番盆地远在古代汉唐时期就是欧亚交通的孔道、经济文化交流的要地，虽然该地区气候干旱且地面水源非常缺乏，但却蕴藏着丰富的地下水源和充沛的天然泉水、致使冲积扇缘以下的土地尽是肥美的绿洲。农业生产上的进一步发展，必然要求人们开发出更多的地下水源，通过千百年生产劳动的实践和内外文化技术经验的交流，人们终于逐步地找到了一种开发利用地下水的最好形式——坎儿井。
讲到这里，各位游客可能已经迫不及待，想要见坎儿井了，请大家随我下车，我们去亲眼体会坎儿井的独特魅力。
坎儿井导游词 篇三
欢迎大家来到美丽的新疆吐鲁番，我是来自太阳旅行社的导游张家旖，今天由我带大家参观神秘的“坎儿井”，在游览的过程中请注意安全，保护好自己的随身物品，祝大家旅途愉快！
现在我们在坎儿井的入口处，大家可以摸一摸坎儿井的水，冰冰凉凉的，它特别神奇，这里的水冬暖夏凉，像这样的坎儿井在吐鲁番地区一共有一千多条，全长五百多公里，现存的坎儿井多数都是清代修建的，坎儿井与万里长城、京杭大运河并称为中国古代三大工程。它是我国劳动人民留下的不可多得的人文遗产。
我将带大家参观一条完整的坎儿井，它是一种结构巧妙的特殊灌溉系统。它是由竖井、暗渠、明渠和涝坝四部分组成的。我们先看到的是竖井，它是运送地下泥沙或淤泥的通道，也是送气的通气口，最深的竖井有九十米，一般每隔二十米到七十米就有一口竖井，一条坎儿井里竖井少则十多个，多则作文上百个，井口一般是长方形或者圆形。
接下来我们看到的是暗渠，有叫地下渠，是坎儿井的主体，暗渠的作用是把地下含水层聚在一起，坡度有低向高处挖。暗渠一般宽一米到二米，短的一般有一百到二百米，最长的有二十五公里。在挖暗渠时，吐鲁番人民发明了油灯定向法，根据两点一线的原理，就可以不偏离方向。
明渠又称为龙口，它是暗渠与竖井的交接处，也是天山雪水经过底层渗透，透过暗渠流向明渠的出水口。
最后我们看到的就是涝坝了，涝坝也就是大大小小的蓄水池，水蓄积在涝坝，哪里需要水就送到哪里。
吐鲁番的坎儿井已有三千多年的历史，由于吐鲁番地区生态严重破坏，坎儿井的数量已大大减少，目前仅有七百多条了，如果不再加以保护，三十年后坎儿井可能将不复存在。
坎儿井的参观已经结束了，希望大家喜欢我的讲解，再次谢谢大家光临“坎儿井”！
坎儿井导游词1100字 篇四
新疆坎儿井至今已有20xx年的历史的古代水利工程，是一项伟大的发明，是吐鲁番绿洲的生命之源，被人们誉为“奇迹”。它与长城、京杭大运河相媲美，被称为中国古代三大工程；与四川的都江堰、广西的灵渠并列，被誉为中国古代三大水利工程。
坎儿井由暗渠、竖井、明渠、涝坝(蓄水池)等四个部分组成，它的主体深藏于地表之下，又分积水段和输水段。
暗渠一般高度为1.5米至1.7米，宽度为0.6至0.7米，总长5公里左右，最长的可达到20公里。全新疆坎儿井最多时达到1784条，暗渠总长度为5272公里，竖井总数为172367眼，年出水量为8.58亿立方米。目前全疆有水坎儿井只剩下614条，年出水量仅剩3.01亿立方米，其中，吐鲁番地区有水坎儿井404条，年出水量2.31亿立方米，在一些乡村仍然是灌溉、饮水和维持生态的主要水源。
为向国内外宣传、介绍坎儿井的历史、文化及其在干旱区生态环境中的作用，新疆坎儿井研究会于1992年在吐鲁番投资兴建了坎儿井乐园。新成立时乐园内有陈列着反应坎儿井历史的书画、图片、模型、实物、以及国家和自治区领导题词的坎儿井展厅，近十亩葡萄园和以一个竖井为主的坎儿井暗渠参观点。是规模小、设施比较简落、知名度不太高的一个旅游景点。经过十多年的滚动发展，尤其是近几年来按照已批准的总体规划进行建设、提高服务质量和人员素质，成了全疆乃至全国著名的旅游景点。
坎儿井乐园内有三条坎儿井，主要参观的坎儿井暗渠选择在最具典型的、有820xx年历史的米依木·阿吉坎儿井的下游部分，游客在十几米地下的、绝对安全的100米参观通道内领略坎儿井暗渠和竖井的原貌。坎儿井是古代水利工程、历史文化遗产，坎儿井乐园又是坎儿井研究会创办的旅游景点，因此我们的特点是在创造经济效益的同时，尽量让国内外游客真正的了解坎儿井的历史，它的伟大以及没有坎儿井就没有吐鲁番绿洲文明这样一个事实。因此乐园内的每一个参观项目与坎儿井和他的历史有关，乐园大门很形象地反映坎儿井的全貌，是一个坎儿井的缩影；两座木制“高车桥”反映坐着高轮车、喝着坎儿井水寻找幸福的古代吐鲁番“高车人”的生活情景；新落成的坎儿井博物馆以图片、动态模型、事物等通俗的方式展现了坎儿井的结构、分布、功能、历史演变、研究成果、各级领导的关怀等内容，为人们能够大体了解坎儿井提供了一个较为简便的途径。坎儿井施工展示区反映坎儿井地面施工的全部过程；葡萄园内游客品尝用坎儿井水浇灌的葡萄；还有葡萄晾房、葡萄长廊、维吾尔歌舞演出场等景观。在坎儿井乐园内到处都洋溢着坎儿井文化气氛和有关坎儿井的娱乐活动，他是独具特色的旅游景点，是向全世界介绍坎儿井历史文化的窗口。是向青少年们介绍先辈们的勤劳、智慧，对他们进行爱国主义教育的重要基地。
坎儿井乐园20xx年被评为国家aaa级旅游景区，20xx年被评为全国十里风景区。
吐鲁番火焰山导游词 篇五
火焰山位于吐鲁番市东北10公里处，东西走向，长98公里，宽9公里，主峰海拔831.7米。每当盛夏，山体在烈日照射下，炽热气流滚滚上升，赭红色的山体看似烈火在燃烧。
火焰山是全国最热的地方，虽然它的表面寸草不生，但山腹中的许多沟谷绿荫蔽日，溪涧潺潺，是火洲中的“花果坞”，著名的葡萄沟就在这里。由于火焰山本身具有独特的地貌，再加上《西游记》里有孙悟空三借芭蕉扇扑灭火焰山烈火的故事，使得火焰山闻名天下。
由于地壳运动断裂与河水切割，山腹中留下许多沟谷，主要有桃儿沟、木头沟、吐峪沟、连木沁沟、苏伯沟等。而这些沟谷中却绿荫蔽日，风景秀丽，流水潺潺，瓜果飘香。
火焰山有其独特的自然面貌，加上明代晚期吴承恩将唐三藏取经受阻火焰山，孙悟空三借芭蕉扇的故事写进著名古代小说《西游记》，把火焰山与唐僧、孙悟空、铁扇公主、牛魔王联系在一起，使火焰山神奇色彩浓郁，成天下奇山。游人到火焰山，还能看到唐僧路过时的栓马桩—一柱凌空的山石还屹立在胜金口内；远处一片平顶的山坡，则是唐僧上马的踏脚石；拴马桩东，隔峡谷有一高峰顶着一块活像长嘴的巨石，人称八戒石；一边看着奇景，一边说起孙猴子借铁扇公主芭蕉扇扇灭火焰山烈火的故事，此行便变得兴趣盎然。火焰山脉呈东西走向。东起鄯善县兰干流沙河，西止吐鲁番桃儿沟，长100公里，最宽处达10公里。火焰山重山秃岭，寸草不生。每当盛夏，红日当空，地气蒸腾，焰云燎绕，形如飞腾的火龙，十分壮观。明人吴承恩著名神话小说《西游记》;以唐僧师徒四人西天取经的故事而脍灸人口。第五十九和六十回，写唐三藏路阻火焰山，孙行者三调芭蕉扇的故事，更给火焰山罩上一层神秘的面纱。书中写道“西方路上有个斯哈哩国，乃日落之处，俗呼天尽头，这里有座火焰山，无春无秋，四季皆热。
火焰山，有八百里火焰，四周围寸草不生。若过得山，就是铜脑壳、铁身躯，也要化成汁哩！” 这段描写显系夸张，但高热这一基本特征与火焰山是完全符合的。
唐僧取经群塑形态生动，表情逼真。群塑是1989年修造的。来此观瞻照相的中外游人接连不断，是火焰山新辟的旅游景点之一。遗憾的是群塑人为的被高高的铁栅栏团团围住，形同囚犯， 令游人驻足长叹。
吐鲁番旅游景点导游词 篇六
各位游客：
欢迎大家来到吐鲁番。提起吐鲁番，人们就会情不自禁地想起“西部歌王”王洛宾，他那“吐鲁番的葡萄熟了，阿娜尔罕的心儿醉了”，美妙的歌词，动人的旋律，把我们带入了一个如诗如画的境界。下面就让我们走进吐鲁番，共同去感受一下它的神奇魅力吧！
吐鲁番的地理特点→气候特征
“最热、最低、最旱、最甜”，这是人们对吐鲁番的形象描述，也准确地概括了吐鲁番的地理和气候特点。
游客们，我们先来介绍一下吐鲁番的地理位置和地形特征。吐鲁番地区位于新疆维吾尔自治区的中部，东面与哈密接壤，西、南面与巴音郭楞接壤，西北距乌鲁木齐市183、公里，北面与昌吉毗邻。东西长约300公里，南北宽约240公里，面积6．四万平方公里，占全疆总面积的4．2％。地形特点是两山夹一盆，博格达山和库鲁克塔格山南北夹峙，中间是吐鲁番盆地。地区下辖二县一市，即都善县、托克逊县和吐鲁番市。总人口约52万。主要民族有维吾尔、汉、回、哈萨克、满、俄罗斯等。
吐鲁番盆地是天山东部一个东西横置的形如橄榄状的山间盆地，四周环山，北高南低，西宽东窄。由于距今约3000万年前的喜马拉雅造山运动，塑造了奇特多样的地质构造和地貌形态。北面有常年覆盖着皑皑白雪的海拔5445米的天山博格达峰，中部有横卧东西绵延100公里的赤热的火焰山，还有火焰山脉中闻名天下的7公里长的葡萄沟，最奇特的是低于海平面154米的盆底艾丁湖，是我国最低的盆地，在世界上也仅次子低于海平面391米的约旦死海，为世界第二低地。吐鲁番盆地集雪山、河谷、沙丘、湖泊为一体，犹如一幅巨型的风景画卷，让人驻足流连。
由于其独特的地理环境，吐鲁番成了中国夏季气温最高的地方，每年6—8月，这里平均气温为35℃一37℃之间，极端最高气温达49．6℃，而地表温度超过70℃，所以人们形容这里“沙窝里能烤熟鸡蛋，石板上能烙熟大饼”。当我们的汽车行驶穿梭在村庄里时，还可以看到这样新奇的现象，即家家户户的床都放在屋外，当地的居民就是这样来度过炎热的夏季的。因此从古到今人们把吐鲁番称为“火洲”也是恰如其分的。不过，尽管这里绝对温度很高，但昼夜温差较大，外加盆地中常刮大风，即使白天酷热难当，一旦太阳下山，夜幕降临， 气温也会逐渐凉爽下来。特别是春秋两季，温差更加明显，早 晚和中午，俨然两个季节，“早穿皮袄午穿纱”是吐鲁番盆地气候特点的真实写照。
吐鲁番干旱少雨，这里全年中几乎有10个月不见雨雪，年平均降水量为16．6毫米，但蒸发量却高达3000毫米。降水的季节，主要集中在夏季。由于雨量小、雨点粗、降水时间极短，因此，人们常以“干燥无雨”来形容吐鲁番盆地的气候。作为降水量一部分的降雪量在吐鲁番盆地更是稀少，市内冬季降雪平均不足2毫米。然而博格达峰的终年积雪却为盆地提供了无尽的水源，当地的人们通过开挖坎尔井，将雪山融水通过地下潜流引向地面，灌溉良田，孕育了生机盎然的沙漠绿洲。
封闭的盆地，稀薄的云量，强烈的太阳辐射，极高的气温，形成了丰富的热量资源。天高云淡的吐鲁番盆地，年日照时数达3000小时以上。丰富的热量资源，为瓜果、棉花等喜温作物提供了理想的生长环境。如驰名中外的吐鲁番葡萄就有多年的种植史，品种多达300余个，经检测，吐鲁番葡萄的含糖量高达22％一26％，超过含糖量最高的美国加利福尼亚葡萄(含糖量为20％)，是世界上最甜的葡萄。
游客们，在介绍了吐鲁番的地理概况后，我们再来回顾一下它的历史：
吐鲁番，古称高昌、西州、火州，早在2000多年前的西汉时期，就成了西域地区的政治、经济和文化的中心，是古代丝绸之路上的著名重镇。当地车师人所建的车师前国曾在此称雄一时，两晋时这里是西域都护府所在地，建立了“高昌郡”。麴氏高昌王国灭亡后，唐朝在这里设置了“西州”。宋代漠北 回鹘人大举西迁，又建立了高昌王国。元明两代改设“火州”、“和州”。清设吐鲁番直隶厅。民国2年(公元19)设置吐鲁番县。1985年撤县设吐鲁番市。
吐鲁番还是新疆最早对外开放的地区之一。自汉唐以来，对外交流就十分频繁，来往于中原和印度、波斯、地中海沿岸的商人、僧侣、使节络绎不绝，给吐鲁番留下了许多美丽的传说。
游客们，来到吐鲁番，仿佛翻阅了一幅厚重的历史画卷。 这里有饱经战争沧桑的交河故城、高昌故城，还有精美绚丽的柏孜克里克干佛洞壁画，以及被誉为地下博物馆的`阿斯塔那古墓群，伊斯兰风格古建筑苏公塔等……它们向人们展示着不同时代的历史风貌。
历史给吐鲁番留下的不仅仅是遗址，还有悠久的文化，这里的民俗风情浓郁多彩，这里的人们热情奔放，能歌善舞。倘若入夜在吐鲁番宾馆葡萄架下一边品尝瓜果，一边欣赏“麦西莱甫”晚会，一定会使您暑气尽消，心旷神怡。
游客们，吐鲁番的概况就向大家介到这里。或许有的游客要说，讲了半天，我还没有把“吐鲁番”三个字的汉语意思表达出来。是的，吐鲁番是突厥语，意为“富庶丰饶的地方”，听了名字的翻译再对照前面的介绍，您是否也有同样的感受呢？但愿吐鲁番这个美丽富饶的地方能给您的旅行增加更多的乐趣。
吐鲁番的英语导游词 篇七
Welcome to Turpan. When talking about Turpan, people can't help thinking of Wang Luobin, the ”king of Western singing“. His ”Turpan grapes are ripe, and anaerhan's heart is drunk“. The beautiful lyrics and moving melody bring us into a picturesque realm. Now let's go into Turpan and feel its magic charm together! Turpan's geographical characteristics → climate characteristics ”the hottest, the lowest, the driest and the sweetest“ are people's image description of Turpan, which also accurately summarizes Turpan's geographical and climatic characteristics. Tourists, let's first introduce the geographical location and topographic features of Turpan. Turpan is located in the central part of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, bordering Hami in the East, Bayinguoleng in the West and south, 183 km from Urumqi in the northwest and Changji in the north. It is about 300 kilometers long from east to west and 240 kilometers wide from north to south, covering an area of 64000 square kilometers, accounting for 4.2% of the total area of Xinjiang. The terrain is characterized by two mountains and one basin, Bogda mountain and kuluktag mountain are in the north and south, and Turpan Basin is in the middle. There are two counties and one city under its jurisdiction, namely Dushan County, Toksun county and Turpan city. The total population is about 50. The main ethnic groups are Uygur, Han, Hui, Kazak, Manchu, Russian and so on.
Turpan Basin is an olive shaped Intermountain basin in the east of Tianshan Mountains. It is surrounded by mountains, high in the north and low in the south, wide in the West and narrow in the East. Due to the Himalayan orogeny about 30 million years ago, a variety of geological structures and landforms have been formed. In the north there is Bogda peak, which is covered with snow all the year round at an altitude of 5445 meters. In the middle there is Flaming Mountain, which stretches 100 kilometers from east to west. In the Flaming Mountain, there is a famous Grape Valley 7 kilometers long. The most peculiar is Aiding Lake, which is 154 meters below sea level. It is the lowest basin in China and the second dead sea of Jordan, which is 391 meters below sea level The second lowest land in the world. Turpan Basin integrates snow mountains, river valleys, sand dunes and lakes, just like a giant landscape painting, which makes people stop and linger.
Because of its unique geographical environment, Turpan has become the place with the highest temperature in summer in China. From June to August every year, the average temperature here ranges from 35 ℃ to 37 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature reaches 49.6 ℃, and the surface temperature exceeds 70 ℃. Therefore, people describe it as ”a place where eggs can be baked in sand nest and big cakes can be baked on stone slab“. When our cars travel through the village, we can also see such a novel phenomenon, that is, every family's bed is placed outside the house, which is how the local residents spend the hot summer. Therefore, it is appropriate for people to call Turpan ”Huozhou“ since ancient times. However, although the absolute temperature here is very high, the temperature difference between day and night is large. In addition, there are often strong winds in the basin. Even if it is extremely hot during the day, once the sun sets and night falls, the temperature will gradually cool down. Especially in spring and autumn, the temperature difference is more obvious,
Just like two seasons, ”wearing fur coat in the morning and yarn in the afternoon“ is a true portrayal of the climate characteristics of Turpan Basin.
Turpan is dry and rainless. Almost 10 months of the year, there is no rain or snow. The average annual precipitation is 16.6 mm, but the evaporation is as high as 3000 mm. The precipitation season is mainly in summer. The climate of Turpan Basin is often described as ”dry without rain“ because of small rainfall, coarse raindrop and short precipitation time. As a part of precipitation, snowfall is rare in Turpan Basin. The average snowfall in winter is less than 2mm. However, the year-round snow on Bogda mountain provides endless water for the basin. By digging the Kaner well, the local people lead the melting water from the snow mountain to the ground through the underground flow, irrigate the fertile land, and breed a vibrant desert oasis.
The closed basin, thin cloud cover, strong solar radiation and extremely high temperature form abundant heat resources. In Turpan Basin, where the sky is high and the clouds are light, the annual sunshine hours are more than 3000 hours. Abundant heat resources provide an ideal environment for the growth of thermophilic crops such as melons, fruits and cotton. For example, Turpan Grape, which is famous at home and abroad, has a history of more than 2000 years and has more than 300 varieties. After testing, the sugar content of Turpan Grape is as high as 22% - 26%, which is higher than that of California grape (20%) with the highest sugar content. Turpan Grape is the sweetest grape in the world. Tourists, after introducing the geography of Turpan, let's review its history
Turpan, known as Gaochang, Xizhou and Huozhou in ancient times, became the political, economic and cultural center of the western regions more than 2000 years ago in the Western Han Dynasty, and was a famous town on the ancient Silk Road. The former state of Cheshi, built by local Cheshi people, once dominated here for a while. In the Jin Dynasty, it was the location of the capital of the western regions, where the ”Gaochang county“ was established. After the fall of Gaochang Kingdom, the Tang Dynasty set up ”Xizhou“ here. In Song Dynasty, the Uighur people moved westward and established the kingdom of Gaochang. In Yuan and Ming Dynasties, ”Huozhou“ and ”Hezhou“ were established. Zhili Hall of Turpan was set up in Qing Dynasty. Turpan county was set up in 1913. In 1985, the county was removed and Turpan city was established. Turpan was also one of the earliest regions in Xinjiang to open to the outside world. Since the Han and Tang Dynasties, foreign exchanges have been very frequent. Businessmen, monks and envoys from the Central Plains to India, Persia and the Mediterranean coast have come in an endless stream, leaving Turpan with many beautiful legends. Tourists, coming to Turpan, seem to have read a thick historical picture. There are the ancient cities of Jiaohe and Gaochang, which are full of the vicissitudes of war, the exquisite and gorgeous frescoes of bazkrik dry Buddha cave, the ancient tombs of Astana, which is known as the underground museum, and the Sugong pagoda, which is an ancient building with Islamic style. They show people the historical features of different times. History has left Turpan not only ruins, but also a long culture. The folk customs here are rich and colorful, and the people here are enthusiastic and good at singing and dancing. If at night in Turpan Hotel grape rack, while tasting fruits, while enjoying ”wheat“
The ”seraph“ party will definitely make you feel relaxed and happy. Tourists, this is the general situation of Turpan. Maybe some tourists have to say that after talking for a long time, I haven't expressed the Chinese meaning of ”Turpan“. Yes, Turpan is a Turkic language, which means ”rich and fertile place“. After listening to the translation of the name and comparing with the previous introduction, do you have the same feeling? I hope Turpan, a beautiful and rich place, can add more fun to your travel.
2 tour guide to the thousand Buddha cave in bozikrik The special geographical location of the Silk Road makes Xinjiang an important channel for cultural exchanges between the East and the West. Therefore, religious art in Xinjiang is very prosperous, and all major religions have a place here. In addition to Islam, Nestorianism and Manichaeism, Buddhism has the most far-reaching influence. Caves and stone carvings all over Xinjiang fully prove this. Today we are going to visit Is located in the middle of the flame mountain gorge in the baizikrik thousand Buddha cave. Origin of the name → historical status → general situation of the caves
Bozikrik thousand Buddha cave, known as ”ningrong Grottoes“ in Tang Dynasty, is located in mutougou gorge of Huoyan mountain, about 60 km northeast of Turpan City, only 15 km south of the old city of Gaochang. It is one of the larger and famous Buddhist grottoes in Xinjiang. Bozikrik means ”hillside“ in Uighur and ”decorative painting“ in Turkic.
Bozikrik thousand Buddha cave was first excavated in the late Northern and Southern Dynasties, namely the Qushi Gaochang state (ad
During the seven centuries of Tang, Five Dynasties, song and Yuan Dynasties, it was one of the Buddhist centers in the western regions. Gaochang Uighur period (9th-13th century A.D.) is the most prosperous period of the grottoes. Therefore, the thousand Buddha cave in bozikrik is considered as ”the most important, the most abundant, the most complete and the most representative art treasure house in Uighur Buddhist art“. Tourists, now we come to the thousand Buddha Cave Scenic Area. There are 83 caves and 77 existing numbered caves. Among them, there are more than 40 caves with residual murals. The total area of murals is 1200 square meters. It is the largest number of caves and the most abundant murals in Turpan. There are various forms of grottoes, such as horizontal top straight cave, central pillar cave, square double set cave and dome square cave, and some built temples and Buddha platform in the middle of the grottoes.
[mural content → Jiyue painting in cave 16 → hell change in cave 17 → great lotus in cave 18 - Uighur king in Gaochang in cave 20 → Manichaeism in cave 38 → small commemorative shadow cave in cave 82 → 83]
Walking down the steps at the entrance, we can see more than a dozen caves open to tourists. The light in the caves is not very strong, and the mottled pictures on the inner wall of the arch can be seen faintly. Each line is depicted in detail. The ribbons of the characters are very dynamic, but many of the characters are incomplete, which is a pity.
The frescoes in the bozikrik Grottoes mainly include the ”Buddha“ with a large-scale portrait of Buddha as the center
The purpose of these paintings is to glorify the Buddhist Dharma for worshiping good men and women. From the 6th century to the 12th century, it has always been an important place for Buddhism in Gaochang kingdom. Many inscriptions in ancient Huique script, Chinese script and Baltic script are still preserved in the grottoes, which are valuable materials for studying ancient scripts. The architectural style and painting skills of the grottoes are also of high research value. In 1982, the thousand Buddha cave in bozikrik was listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit.
Tourists, let's first visit cave 16. Cave 16 was excavated in the middle Tang Dynasty. There is a picture of Jiyue in the cave. In the picture, xiaohulei, an ancient musical instrument, appeared for the first time in Chinese Buddhist caves. Hulei, also known as the dragon head pipa, originated from Nanzhao music of Tang Dynasty. It is shaped like a pear with a stick, a dragon head with two strings, a boa skin covering the abdomen, and a sandalwood groove. Its authentic products are now stored in the Palace Museum of Beijing. Next, let's look at caves 17 and 18. These two caves are the earliest in the whole Grottoes group, which were excavated in the late Northern and Southern Dynasties from the 6th to 7th century. Let's first take a look at the mural ”hell changes“ in cave 17, which is very similar to the painting of Mani's teaching aid mansion, which is rare in China. There is a big lotus flower in the center of the top of cave 18, which is filled with geometric patterns such as triangle and four leaves in the middle. It is elegant and solemn, with national characteristics.
Next, let's visit cave 20. The murals in the grottoes show images of the Uighur king and queen of Gaochang. The Uighur king of Gaochang was wearing a lotus petal shaped crown, a round collar wide sleeve robe, a middle belt, black boots and other daily necessities. The queen is plump, wearing a crown and a red coat with lapels and narrow sleeves. The color of the portrait is gorgeous, the lines are smooth and the drawing is exquisite. Beside the portrait is the inscription of Huique. This group of murals is highly artistic and is one of the representative works of the whole thousand Buddha cave murals. Unfortunately, the original mural is on display in the Berlin Museum in Germany, and the color photos on display in the cave are based on the original. The frescoes in cave 38 are different from those before. They are about ancient Manichaeism. There are three trees in the frescoes behind the grottoes, under which there are many images of monks and nuns dressed in white and feathered people with wings, which show respect for Manichaeism. Manichaeism is a religion founded by Persian Mani, also known as Mingjiao, which worships the God of light. From the 9th century to the 12th century, Gaochang Uighur kingdom was the center of Manichaeism in the world. Manichaeism once became the state religion of Gaochang Uighur kingdom. Then we come to cave 82 and 83, which is under ganfo cave and beside muugou. This is a small commemorative shadow cave specially built for Buddhist eminent monks during the reign of emperor Gaochang in the 10th and 11th centuries A.D. A pottery relic box and a gold foil wrapping paper used by Buddhists were unearthed here. The ink mark on it indicates that the gold foil shop was located in the south of taihelou street in Hangzhou in Song Dynasty. This gold foil wrapping paper proves that Gaochang Uighur kingdom had quite close economic and trade contacts with the Song Dynasty from the 11th to the 12th century.
Tourists, from the murals of the thousand Buddha cave in bozikrik, we can see Xinjiang Buddhism
The long history of culture makes us have a deeper understanding of the broad and profound culture of Xinjiang. The past of Xinjiang is brilliant, and we believe that the future of Xinjiang will be more brilliant.
吐鲁番的英语导游词 篇八
Dear tourists
As we all know, the hottest place in the country is Turpan, and the hottest place in Turpan is fangdangtui Huoyan mountain. In summer, the highest temperature of Huoyanshan is above 47.8 ℃. In midsummer, when the sun is red, the earth's atmosphere is transpiration and the clouds are shrouded, which is very spectacular.
The name of Huoyanshan → mountain characteristics
Tourists, through the window, we can see that the thing in front is like a fire dragon lying in the middle of Turpan Basin. The red mountain is Yanshan.
The name of Huoyanshan mainly comes from its appearance. Look! The bedrock of Huoyanshan is exposed, the reddish brown sandstone glows in the hot sun, and the hot air is rolling up, just like thousands of flames burning. The name of ”Huoyanshan“ comes from this. Huoyanshan is called chishi mountain in ancient books, and kiziltag in Uighur language, which means red mountain. CEN Shenci, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, passed through Huoyanshan and wrote ”the volcano stands out at the mouth of chitingkou, and the fire clouds are thick in May.“. The mountains are full of volcanoes and the birds are flying far away. ”Dare not come“. Chen Cheng, a traveler in the Ming Dynasty, once wrote a poem to describe it: ”a piece of smoke and a piece of red, burning to the sky. At the end of spring, it's half as clear as summer. Who knows that there is Zhu Rong in the west? “ It can be called a vivid portrayal of Huoyanshan.
Huoyanshan is a long and narrow mountain in east-west direction, with a total length of 98 km and a north-south width of 9 km. The general height is about 500 meters, and the highest peak is 831.7 meters. Despite the fact that there is no grass on the surface of Huoyan mountain, due to crustal movement and river cutting, there are many picturesque gullies and canyons hidden in the mountain, such as Putaogou, tuyugou, taoergou, mumugou, shengjinkou Canyon, etc. In these valleys, the streams linger, the melons and fruits are fragrant, the flowers and trees are verdant, and the scenery is charming, just like the ”flower and fruit dock“ scene in ”Huozhou“.
The formation of Huoyanshan → the best observation point is shengjinkou
Perhaps some tourists will ask: How did the flame mountain form? How many years ago? The answer to these two questions can be traced back to 140 million years ago. At that time, due to the short and small folds in the front of Bogda mountain in the east of Tianshan Mountain, the crust changed, and after the Himalayan orogeny, the rudiment of the mountains gradually formed. Since then, it has experienced a long geological period, spanning several geological periods of Jurassic, Cretaceous and tertiary, together with the special climate environment, showing the current geological shape.
Tourists, the best place to observe the structure of Huoyanshan is shengjinkou. Please get out of the car and take photos in front of the stone pedestal with the sign of ”Huoyanshan“, and then listen to my explanation.
Shengjinkou is 30 kilometers away from Turpan City in the west, connecting Xinjiang with the mainland of 312 national highway, and crossing the Huoyanshan by the mugou river. Shengjinkou mountain is a precipitous place for military strategists since ancient times. As for the name of shengjinkou, there is another origin: in the past, the local people called shengjinkou ”seeping mouth“. That's because after the water from mutugou flowed out of Tianshan Mountain, it became less and less. When they arrived at the Gobi desert near shengjinkou, the water almost seeped clean, so they called it ”seeping mouth“. Later, people thought the name was not very auspicious, so they changed its homonym to ”shengjinkou“, so it has been used to this day.
[story of Huoyanshan: myth of journey to the West → Uyghur folklore] tourists, Huoyanshan is named not only because of its unique appearance and structure, but also because of its legendary mythology.
Journey to the west is one of the stories in which the master and apprentice of Tang monks and disciples of the Tang Dynasty are hindered from learning from the Buddhist scriptures in Huoyan mountain. In the 59th and 60th chapters of journey to the west, ”Tang Sanzang road blocks Flame Mountain, and sun Xinger's three tune banana fan,“ it is written: ”there is a state of Sri on the Western Road, which is the place where the sun sets. It is commonly called“ the end of the sky. ”。 There is a flame mountain here. It is hot all the year round. The Flame Mountain has a flame of 800 Li, surrounded by nothing. If you cross the mountain, you will turn your copper skull and iron body into juice. “ Although this description is exaggerated, the basic characteristics of hot seasons and barren grass are completely consistent with the actual situation of Huoyanshan. It can be seen that the author did not invent it out of thin air.
In the eyes of the common people, good is the highest beauty, so the ending of the story in Huoyanshan is that justice will defeat evil, which has been described in detail in Uygur folklore. It is said that a long time ago, there was a dragon in the depths of Tianshan Mountain, which ate only boys and girls. The local top leader was determined to kill the dragon for the people, so he sent a warrior named Hala and Zhuo to subdue the dragon. After a thrilling battle, Hara and Zhuo beat the dragon with their swords and finally subdued the dragon. After the dragon was injured, it rotated along the mountain, and the whole mountain was dyed red by blood. Therefore, Uighur people called this mountain ”Red Mountain“.
Beautiful legend, profound meaning, reverie. Tourists, when we stop and think about the flame mountain, we will feel that the wonders of Flame Mountain are not enough, and the story of Flame Mountain is endless. In order to make sure that you don't have any regrets, the next time you visit the old city of Gaochang and the thousand Buddha cave in bozikrik, you have to pass by the flame mountain. Therefore, we can fully enjoy the wonderful scenery of the flame mountain from different directions. I hope the trip to flame mountain will leave you a good memory.
吐鲁番概况导游词 篇九
吐鲁番市是隶属新疆维吾尔自治区的一个地级市，位于新疆中东部，天山东部山间盆地，又称“火洲”，东临哈密地区，西、南与巴音郭楞蒙古自治州的和静、和硕、尉犁、若羌县毗连，北隔天山与乌鲁木齐市及昌吉回族自治州的奇台、吉木萨尔、木垒县相接，是中国内地连接中国新疆、中亚地区及南北疆的交通枢纽。截至2009年，辖区面积70049平方千米，辖高昌区、鄯善县和托克逊县，共26个乡镇、2个街道办事处、172个行政村，人口614616人(2009年)。
2012年吐鲁番地区生产总值243.9亿元，比2011年增长9.95%。
2015年4月，国务院批复同意撤销新疆吐鲁番地区，设立地级吐鲁番市。这也是继乌鲁木齐市、克拉玛依市后新疆设立的第三个地级市。
吐鲁番市现有国家5A级景区1处、4A级景区1处、3A级景区6处，国家级重点文物保护单位9处，自治区文物保护单位32处。
葡萄沟
葡萄沟是一条南北长约7公里、东西宽约2公里的峡谷。葡萄沟以盛产优质葡萄而闻名中外。1994年沟里种植葡萄315.6 公顷，生产鲜葡萄8601吨。这里主要种植无核白葡萄，还有马奶子、红葡萄、喀什哈尔、日加干、琐琐等13个品种。
阿斯塔那古墓群
阿斯塔那古墓群，距吐鲁番市约40多公里。它是古代高昌王国城乡官民的公共墓地，东西长5公里，南北宽2公里。墓葬按家族种姓分区埋葬，以天然砾石为界，畛域分明。
阿斯塔那墓形制为斜坡墓道洞室墓。古墓平面形状如“甲”字。墓室前方，是一条10多米的长的斜坡墓道，墓道尽头连着墓室，是死者安息的地方，墓室一般高为2米以上，4米见方大小，墓室顶为平顶或穹窿形。在古墓中出土文书、墓志、绘画、泥俑、陶、木、金、石等器物以及古代钱币和丝、棉毛织物等珍贵文物上万件，尤其珍贵的是这里出土的干尸即中国木乃伊，可以与埃及的相媲美。
阿斯塔那古墓以葬汉人为主，同时葬有车师、突厥、匈奴、高车以及昭武九姓等少数民族居民。
吐鲁番博物馆
吐鲁番博物馆位于新疆维吾尔自治区吐鲁番市最繁华的高昌路西侧，1989年建成，占地9亩，由主馆和巨犀陈列馆两部分组成，总建筑面积2000平方米。吐鲁番博物馆有藏品3287件，其中国家一级文物135件，二级文物260件，三级文物640件，是新疆地州市中规模最大的博物馆。
吐鲁番出土文物陈列厅展出文物近300件，其中国家一级文物28件。举世闻名的吐鲁番出土文书有契约、籍帐、官府文书、私人信札等。这些文物都是研究魏晋南北朝隋唐史的重要资料，粟特文、回骼文、梵文等古代少数民族文书是研究少数民族古文字的珍贵资料。
沙山公园
沙山公园位于鄯善县辟展乡境内，北侧紧靠鄯善县城，平均海拔300m，沙山公园是利用库木塔格沙漠北缘绿洲接触带的特殊地里环境建立的一个公园，1990年始建以来已初具规模。公园分南北两部分，以沙山边缘东西向横穿的缓流分界。北部占地500亩，东侧为水上活动区、文化娱乐区、儿童活动区、花卉观赏区和葡萄园。西侧为草坪区、植物园。南部区为沙漠，有沙漠活动区、沙疗区和沙漠植物区。
高昌古城
高昌古城位于吐鲁番市以东偏南约46公里火焰山乡所在地附近。高昌城历经高昌郡、高昌王国、西州、回鹘高昌、 火洲等长达1300余年的变迁，于公元14世纪毁弃于战火。1961年，这里被列为中国重点文物保护单位。
交河故城
交河故城位于吐鲁番市以西约13公里的亚尔乡。西汉时，是“车师前国”的都城。唐代为西州所辖之交河县。唐王朝派驻西域的最高军政机构“安西都护府”一度曾设在这里。后迁至龟兹(今库车县)。六世纪的曲氏王朝在此设立了交河郡。交河故城曾出土不少文物，如唐代莲花瓦当、莲花经卷等。
艾丁湖
艾丁湖为吐鲁番盆地的“盆底儿”，南距吐鲁番市约40公里。湖盆东西长约40公里，南北宽约8公里，面积约152平方公里。湖面低于黄海海平面154.43米，仅次于约旦的死海(-392米)，被称为世界第二陆上低地。
火焰山
火焰山位于吐鲁番市东北10公里处，东西走向，长98公里，宽9公里，主峰海拔831.7米。《西游记》里有孙悟空三借芭蕉扇扑灭火焰山烈火的故事，使得火焰山闻名天下。火焰山由于地壳运动断裂与河水切割，山腹中留下许多沟谷，主要有桃儿沟、木头沟、吐峪沟、连木沁沟、苏伯沟等。
吐鲁番郡王府
吐鲁番郡王府位于吐鲁番市区东郊的葡萄乡木纳尔村，距吐鲁番市区2公里，毗邻国家重点文物保护单位—苏公塔。吐鲁番郡王府据史科考证始建于清朝乾隆年间，距今已有300年的历史，是吐鲁番郡王额敏和卓生活和主持政务、指挥军事的地方，也是清王朝期间吐鲁番维吾尔族的政治、经济、文化和军事指挥的中心。
柏孜克里克千佛洞
坐落在吐鲁番市东45公里火焰山中段，木沟河谷西岸的悬崖峭壁上，南距高昌古城仅15公里，是新疆境内较大的的著名佛教石窟寺遗址之一。
吐峪沟
吐峪沟位于新疆吐鲁番鄯善县境内，东距吐鲁番市约55公里。这里曾经是佛教和伊斯兰教的圣地。
坎儿井导游词2000字 篇十
各位游客：
来到吐鲁番，人们不禁会问：素有“火洲”、“风库”之称，气候极端干燥的地方，怎么会出现大片的绿洲？其中有什么奥秘呢？奥秘就是分布在新疆大地上的坎儿井群，它犹如人体的血脉，延展到茫茫戈壁，灌溉了新疆的大片土地。奇妙的坎儿 井，又在吐鲁番分布最广，成为生命之泉，常绿之源，浇灌着吐鲁番滴翠的葡萄和甘甜的瓜。下面就让我们一起去参观这一举世闻名的灌溉工程。
坎儿井的结构→坎儿井的建造方法
游客们，现在我们来到了坎儿井乐园，首先请跟我前往坎儿井博物馆去了解一下坎儿井的建造情况。
坎儿井是生活在新疆的各族劳动人民根据本地气候、水文特点创造出来的一种地下引水工程，新疆大约有坎儿井1600条，其中以吐鲁番最多最集中，据统计，吐鲁番的坎儿井 共有1158条，总长约5000公里，相当于从乌鲁木齐到哈尔滨的里程。坎儿井堪称中国古代最伟大的地下水利工程之一，被地理学界的专家称为“地下运河”，并与长城、京杭大运河合称为我国古代三大工程。
对于坎儿井您可能早有所闻，不过对它的结构也许不很清楚，现在我就向大家介绍一下。坎儿井古称“井渠”，坎儿也就是“井穴”的意思，由立井(竖井)、暗渠(地下渠道)、明渠(地表渠道)和涝坝(蓄水池)四部分组成。
坎儿井之所以能在吐鲁番大量修建，是与这里的自然条件分不开的。首先吐鲁番盆地地势很低，低于海平面以下的面积就有2085平方公里，而且吐鲁番四面环山，每年高山上的积雪大量融化后流入山谷。当雪水流经戈壁时便渗入地下形成潜流，这就给坎儿井提供了丰富的水源。
那坎儿井又是怎样建成的呢？请看：坎儿井的建造方法是在高山峡谷地带的雪水潜流处，寻找到水源，然后每隔20米至30米打一眼竖井，井深十米至几十米不等，将地下水汇聚，以增大水势，再依地势高下，在井底凿通暗渠，沟通各井，引流直下，一直连接到遥远的绿洲，才将水由明渠引出地面，加以灌溉。涝坝则是一个调节水量的蓄水池。一条坎儿井，一般长约3公里，最长者往往是几条坎儿井相连达几十甚至上百公里，其间竖井少则几十口，多则三百余口。上游的竖井较深，个别可达100米上下，下游的较浅，一般仅数米。坎儿井的作用是避免水分蒸发，这项工程实属适应干燥气候特点的一种伟大创举。尤其让人称道的是，当地人民全凭双手和简单的工具，凿打深井，掏挖地下渠，其工程之浩大，构造之巧妙，让人叹为观止。
我想请大家回忆一下，当我们乘车临近吐鲁番市时，就在那郁郁葱葱的绿洲的外围戈壁上，可以看见顺坡而下的一堆一堆的圆土包，有序地伸向绿洲。那些就是坎儿井的竖井口。假如大家从高空俯视，那些土堆宛如珍珠串结的项链，装点着吐鲁番这个古老却仍青春焕发的地方。
各位游客，下面我们再来谈谈坎儿井的建造原因。由于新疆地区干旱少雨，蒸发量大，而坎儿井是地下暗渠输水，蒸发量小而流量稳定，可以常年自流灌溉，加上这里的土属钙质黏土，挖好的坎儿井很坚固，不易倒塌。高山上雪水温度很低，若直接灌溉对农作物生长不利，而吐鲁番地表温度很高，雪水流经坎儿井后温度自然上升，很适合浇灌农作物。因此，新疆各族人民在长期与干旱的斗争中，发明了这种凿井灌田的方法。一道坎儿井就是一眼不枯的清泉，道道坎儿井，构成了火洲的生命线和命脉，使新疆这个降雨稀少的地方有了水源的积聚，从而成为新疆人民生活中不可缺少的生命之泉。
关于吐鲁番坎儿井的起源历来有三种说法：一种是汉代 关中井渠说。这种观点认为汉代时人们发明的“井渠法”传入新疆，发展成为现在的坎儿井。第二种说法是跟林则徐有关。清末林则徐被充军新疆后，1845年经过吐鲁番，察觉当地炎热少雨，于是就细查地势水源，引导新疆人民根据自己所处的自然地理特点，发明了这种凿井灌田的方法。第三种观点认为坎儿井是2520xx年前由西亚波斯人首创而后传人新疆的。当然，这三种观点都有待考证。
但我想告诉大家的是，坎儿井在地球上的分布是与沟通东西方文化的丝绸之路联系在一起的。比如在巴基斯坦、伊朗及里海沿岸，人们都发现了坎儿井。所以我们说坎儿井是世界文化遗产中的一颗明珠，是毫不过分的。直到今天，坎儿井还在为新疆吐鲁番的农业发展起着举足轻重的作用。
坎儿井明渠→坎儿井暗渠
参观完坎儿井博物馆，走出馆外，可见道旁明澈的清泉，这便是坎儿井明渠中流淌出的雪山纯水，它晶莹碧透，倘若您伸手触及，便会感到凉意阵阵，真是“晶晶亮，透心凉”。
坎儿井的暗渠要从洞中进入方可看到，只见渠水汩汩流 淌，让人感到无比欣喜。这样的井渠在整个新疆大地有上千个之多，其地下河道总长度加起来比万里长城还要长一倍，也远远超过了京杭大运河，成为“地下运河”。
游客们，今天的坎儿井，不仅是重要的水利设施，更是中外游客乐于观赏的一大人文景观。尤其是坎儿井乐园内的一台充满新疆维吾尔族浓郁风情的民族歌舞表演，会使您心神荡漾。那明快的节奏，轻盈的旋律，热烈奔放的情绪，使您在欣赏之余，会情不自禁地加入他们的行列，学着维吾尔姑娘和小伙子的模样边唱边跳，感受这歌舞之乡的纯真乐趣。
各位游客，坎儿井乐园内那咳亮悠扬的歌声已经唱响，下面就请大家赶快前去欣赏吧！
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